KNOW US ALL IN RAMAYANA - NAMES

Glossary 

Adisesha :

 The primordial Serpent which is Lord Vishnu's bed. 

Agneyastra : A missile charged with an invocation to the God Agni (Fire).
 Aryaputra : Noble prince; classical form of address by wife to husband, betokening love and respect combined.
 Ashrama : Hermitage. Asuric Yajna : Sacrifice pertaining to Asuras. Demoniacal sacrifice and necromancy for gaining power
. Abhisheka : Religious rite of pouring or sprinkling sacred waters on the head of one who is installed as King or First Prince. 
Adharma : Sin, unrighteous action, opposite of dharma. Agni : The God of Fire. Alakapuri : The capital of Kubera, the God of Wealth. 
Amaravati : The city in heaven where Indra has his abode.
 Aruna : The God of Dawn, first son of Kasyapa Prajapati and Vinata. He was born lame. 
Aruna was the elder brother of Garuda. 
Aruna is the charioteer of the Sun God
 Arundhati : Wife of Sage Vasishtha, a pattern of chastity.
 Astras : Miraculous weapons whose power lay in the invocations they were charged with.
 Asuras : Enemies of the Gods. Aswapati : King of Kekaya, father of Kaikeyi and grandfather of Bharata. 
Aswini Devatas : Celestial beings, twin sons of Surya. 
Avatar : Incarnation.  
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B.
Bala, Ati Bala: Two invocations to obviate hunger, thirst and sleep.
 Bhagirathi : Another name of Ganga
. Bhagyam : Fortune, prosperity.
 Bhakta : Devotee. Bhakti : Devotion to God, loyalty, faith.
 Bheda : Diplomacy of playing one against another in the enemy camp. Bhogavati : The capital of the Serpent King in the nether world.
 Brahmana : The first of the four castes devoting their lives to study and teaching and the performance of religious ceremonies.
 Brahma : The Creator, one of the Trinity
 Brahmastra : The most powerful among Astras (mantra invoked weapons). Brahmachari : One who is in the first of the four stages in a Brahmin's life, the stage of study and practice of a disciplined life. 
Brahmadanda : Holy staff of an austere Brahmin. 
Brahmajnana : The realisation of e. Brahmadanda : Holy staff of an austere Brahmin.
 Brahmajnana : The realisation of the Supreme Being, higher wisdom. Brahmarishi : The highest type of sages. 
Brihaspati : The preceptor of the Devas, the planet Jupiter.
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C

 Chaitra : The month falling in the second half of April and the first half of May. 
Chandala : Outcaste, untouchable.

Dana : Gift, bribing of the enemy,
 Danavas : Sons of Danu and Kasyapa Prajapati, enemies of Devas.
 Daityas : Sons of Diti and Kasyapa Prajapati, enemies of Devas. 
Daivam : Divine, celestial, fate. 
Danda : Physical punishment, force used in meeting the enemy's tactics.
 Darbha : A species of sacred 
Danda : Physical punishment, force used in meeting the enemy's tactics.
 Darbha : A species of sacred grass used for religious rites.
 Deva-Loka : The celestial regions.
 Devarishis : Sages of Heaven.
 Devas : Celestial beings, sons of Aditi and Kasyapa.
 Dharma : Duty as laid down by religion or Dishtam : Indicated.

G
 Gandharvas : A Class Of semi-divine beings. Celestial musicians. 
Garuda : The bird king who is Vishnu's vehicle.
Govinda : One of the names of Krishna.
 Guru : Acharya, preceptor. 
H

Hari : One of the names of Vishnu. The second of the Hindu Trinity. Other names are Krishna, Mukunda, Madhava, Kesava, Narayana. 
Himavan : The presiding deity of the Himalaya range.


I
  Ikshvaku : King of the Solar race from whom the name came for the race of Solar kings.
 Indra : The chief and the king of the Gods. 
Indra-Astra : Missile charged with an invocation to Indra.

J. 
Jambavan : Leader of bears in the army of Sugriva.
 Jamadagni : A great sage, father of Parasurama. 
Jnana : Spiritual knowledge, realisation. 
Jnani : A knower of Reality. Kama : Desire, usually referred to in relation to sex. 
K

Kamadhenu : The Divine cow of Heaven. It was born of the Ocean when the Devas and Asuras churned it for Nectar. 
Kamavalli : A name which Surpanakha gave to herself.
 Kartaviryarjuna : Son of King Kritavirya. He had a thousand hands and his golden chariot could go wherever he wished. He was a contemporary of Ravana and had him imprisoned in his city. 
P

Parasurama killed him for carrying away Kamadhenu and killing Jamadagni Kailasa : The abode of Siva.
 Kalpaka : A Tree which issued out of the Ocean when it was churned by Devas and Asuras. A celestial tree which grants any wish to people who are under it. Karma : Action, the law that governs all action and its inevitable consequences on the doer. 
Karma Yogin : One who practises the way of action for salvation.
 Kasyapa : A celebrated sage, son of Brahma. He had many wives through whom were born the various forms of life on earth.
 Kekaya : A country north-west of Kosala, the place where Bharata's maternal grand father ruled. West of modern Punjab. 
Kinkaras : Soldiers, personal attendants.
 Kinnaras : Celestial beings like the Gandharvas, who played on musical instruments. 
Kodanda : Rama's bow. 
Kokila : The cuckoo.
 Krodha : Anger.
 Krouncha : A Krouncha : A bird.
 Kshatriya : The second of the four castes. 
Kubera : God of Wealth. 
Kurukshetra : The battlefield where the Pandavas and Kauravas fought.
 Kusa : A kind of grass used in religious ceremonies. Lakshmi : The Goddess of well-being, wife of Vishnu. 
L

Leela : Play, the unexplainable ways of Providence.

 M
Malyavan : The aged Rakshasa grandfather of Ravana. 
Malyavati : A stream flowing by the foot of the Chitrakuta Hill. 
Maruti : Name of Hanuman being son of Marut, the Wind-god. 
Mahabali : An Asura who became a powerful ruler and a rival to the gods. He was the son of Virochana and grandson Prahlada.
 Mahadeva : One of the names of Siva. 
Maharshi : A great SageManmatha : The God of Love. 
Mantras : Scriptural verses, incantations. Maya : The architect of Asuras.
 Meru : A fabulous mountain around which the Sun is supposed to revolve.

N

 Naga : Semi-divine serpents.
 Narayana : Vishnu.
 Narada : The celestial rishi with the lute.
 Namah : Bow, salutation. 
Nandigrama : A village near Ayodhya where Bharata lived and ruled Ayodhya as a deputy of Rama.
 Nikumbhila : A cave and grove in Lanka where oblations were offered to Kali. Niti Sastra : Science of government and diplomacy.
 Niyati : Law. Paduka : Footwear.

P
Parayana : Reading a Purana or Epic as a daily devotional exercise. 
Parijata : A celestial flowering tree.
 Parvati : Uma, wife of Siva.
 Patala : The nether regions.
 Payasam : A sweet preparation of milk and rice.
 Parasurama : The sixth incarnation of Vishnu who curbed the growing arrogance of the Kshatriyas.
 Pinaka : Bow of Siva. Puja : Worship.
 Prajapati : The Creator. 
Puranas : Sacred legends. 
Pushpaka Vimana : Aerial chariot of Ravana which originally belonged to Kubera. Sitting in this chariot, one could obtain anything he or she desired.

P


 Rajagriha : The capital of the Kekaya country.
 Rajasabha : Council of State.
 Rajasik : Appertaining to the principle of activity egoism, arrogance. Rakshasas : Evil-minded strong beings similar to Asuras.
 Rakshasi : Feminine of Rakshasa. 
 : An ancestor of Rama. He was a king of the Solar race.
 Raja Rishi : An eminent sage, a philosopher-king.
 Rishabha : A peak in the Himalayas. 
Rishi : A sage who has undergone severe austerities. 
Rudra : Siva.
S

 Sama : Peaceful approach to the enemy, negotiation.
 Sastras : Sacred lore.
 Satvik : Appertaining to the element of equanimity as distinguished from the principles of activity and inertia. 
Sanyasini : A female recluse, feminine of Sanyasi. 
Sarama : Wife of Vibhishana. She and Trijata were the friends among the Rakshasis that Sita had during Rakshasis that Sita had during her incarceration in the Asoka Vana.
 Sarayu : A tributary of the river Ganges on the North bank.
 Satyaparakrama : Righteous and strong. Strong in righteousness. 
Siddha : One who attained special powers through penance. A class of heavenly beings.
 Siva : One of the Hindu Trinity. 
Sloka : Couplet or Quatrain in Sanskrit. 
Surya : The Sun God.
 Soulabhya : Ease of access. 
Sri Krishna : The eighth incarnation of Vishnu, who gave the Bhagavad Gita. Sruti : Veda, Revelation.
 Sukra : The Guru or acharya of the Asuras, the planet Venus.
 Swarga : Heaven, where the blessed are received after death.
T
 Tamasik : Pertaining to the element of

Tamasik : Pertaining to the element of inertia.

 Tamasa : A river flowing into Ganga.

 Tapas : Austerities and penances.

 Tapasvi : One who does Tapas or penance. 
Tapasvini : Feminine of Tapasvi
Tapasya : Power obtained through Tapas or penance. 
Tilaka : A mark put on the forehead of women. 
Trivikrama : See Vamana. 

V
Vamana : The fifth incarnation of Vishnu to curb the power of Mahabali. Vamana became Trivikrama of huge stature who measured Earth and Heaven in two steps 
Vanaprastha : The third stage of a Brahmin's life retiring with his wife as a preparation for sanyasa.
 Vayu : The Wind God who was father of Hanuman. 
Vaidehi : Another name of Sita. 
Vaishnava : Appertaining to Vishnu or worship of Vishnu.
 Vaitarani : A terrible river in Hell.
 Varuna : The Lord of the Ocean. 
Veda : Scripture. Four books: Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama 
Vaitarani : A terrible river in Hell. 
Varuna : The Lord of the Ocean. 
Veda : Scripture. Four books: Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, and Atharvana Veda. 
Vidhi : Law, decree of fate, that which is ordained.
 Vidyut-Jihva : Lightning Tongued, a Rakshasa sorcerer. 
Vinata : Mother of Garuda.
 Vishnu : See Narayana.
 Visravas : A rishi who was father of Ravana.
 Viswakarma : The celestial architect.
 Vritra : An Asura killed by Indra. 
Y
Yaga : Sacrifice, a religious ceremony accompanied by oblations.
 Yajarmana : He who performs a sacrifice, Master of Ceremonies.
 Yakshas : A class of celestial beings.
 Yama : God of Death. 
Yojana : A measure of distance equal probably to nine miles. 
Yudhajit : Son of the King of Kekaya. Brother of Kaikeyi. 
Yuvaraja : Prince-Regent.
Yaga : Sacrifice, a religious ceremony accompanied by oblations.
 Yajarmana : He who performs a sacrifice, Master of Ceremonies. 
Yakshas : A class of celestial beings. Yama : God of Death.
 Yojana : A measure of distance equal probably to nine miles. 
Yudhajit : Son of the King of Kekaya. Brother of Kaikeyi. 
Yuvaraja : Prince-Regent.
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